The term "personal pronouns" means nothing more than that we use "he" instead of "Michael" or "her" instead of "Maria" and so on. A pro-noun simply says that it is replacing or substituting a noun. Noun is simply the latin word for "name". So, "Michael" is clearly a name. Instead of that name I can say "he", "him", "his". This makes texts a bit more enjoyable to read. To blow your mind, let me add that the word "Tisch" is also a "name", namely the name of the object that you identify as a table. That's all that's to that word "noun". All nouns can be replaced by a pro-noun.

Even though it says "personal" pronouns here, it is not limited to "persons". It also applies to objects like the table mentioned before. Why that is I can't really explain but it's basically the same as in EN so you should be able to live comfortably without knowing that. I do at least.

Any pronoun has mainly three dresses: a nominative dress, an accusative one and a dative one. The genitive dress of pronouns is irrelevant until C1.

Here's a table of all pronouns in their three dresses. They are just an overview and please do not learn this table or any other table you see by heart, ever. It would be a collossal waste of your precious time. Continue reading below the table.

In this lesson all you need to take a look at is the first column, not the one with the numbers but the one with the NOM on top of it. Let me elaborate a bit more in case this is not yet really clear to you.

If I had to tell you about my life I would have two possibilities:
1 | Michael ist in Deutschland geboren. Michael ist 49 Jahre alt. Michael hat einen Sohn. or:
2 | Ich bin in Deutschland geboren. Ich bin 49 Jahre alt. Ich habe einen Sohn.

Which one do you think I would choose if we were talking?

The Verbs Change

You might already have noticed that the verb has changed from "hat" to "habe". That's indeed the doing of the noun (Michael hat) respectively pronoun (ich habe). That's the same in many languages by the way, even in English you can still see that in "I go" but "She goes". In Spanish that would be "Miguel va" but "(Yo) voy". So whenever you use the pronoun "ich" a verb ends in -e (very very few exceptions that don't matter right now). Here one more time an overview over how a verb changes in the Present Tense depending on the personal pronoun. This shouldn't be too new for you at this point but it never harms to repeat important information:

ich geh.e
du geh.st
er/es/sie/Michael/der Tisch geh.t

wir geh.en
ihr geh.t
sie/Sie geh.en

That's all you need to know and pay attention to for now. There are slight changes in this pattern later on which I'll introduce you to step by step when it's time to do so.